MWS-Report

Appendix A: Systematic Literature Review Results Chart

# Author Title Publication Year Location Water Quality Parameters Driver of Water Quality Change Cumulative Effect
1 Hutchins, RHS; Tank, SE; Olefeldt, D; Quinton, WL; Spence, C; Dion, N; . . . Mengistu, SG Fluvial CO2 and CH4 patterns across wildfire disturbed ecozones of subarctic Canada: Current status and implications for future change 2019 Taiga Shield, NWT CO2, CH4 Climate change, permafrost thaw CO2 release in rivers from increased terrestrial DOC. Taiga shield streams shifting from carbon sinks to carbon sources in coming decades.
2 Lynch, LM; Machmuller, MB; Boot, CM; Covino, TP; Rithner, CD; Cotrufo, MF; . . . Wallenstein, MD Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry and Transport Along an Arctic Tundra Hillslope 2019 Alaska DOM Climate change, Permafrost thaw DOM from organic horizon is plant derived, while permafrost region is microbial in origin. Riparian DOM has greater structural diversity. Terrestrial soils could supply a vast array of compounds as warming and connectivity increases.
3 Morison, MQ; Volik, O; Hall, RI; Wiklund, JA; Macrae, ML; & Petrone, RM Effects of shoreline permafrost thaw on nutrient dynamics and diatom ecology in a subarctic tundra pond 2019 Hudson Bay Lowlands C, N, P Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increased air temperature, rain, allochthonous carbon and atmospheric nitrogen causing increased diatom accumulation in subarctic lakes.
4 Sivarajah, B; Korosi, JB; Blais, JM; & Smol, JP Multiple environmental variables influence diatom assemblages across an arsenic gradient in 33 subarctic lakes near abandoned gold mines. 2019 North Slave, NWT As, diatoms Gold mining Arsenic concentration in subarctic lakes decreases away from abandoned gold mines. Diatoms not affected by arsenic concentrations. Instead they are affected by nutrients and climatic
5 Wong, L; Noble, B; & Hanna, K Water Quality Monitoring to Support Cumulative Effects Assessment and Decision Making in the Mackenzie Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada 2019 Mackenzie River, NWT TSS, pH, temperature, conductivity, hydrocarbons, N, DIP, DOP, OC, major ions, Cl, Ca, SO4, Na, K, Mg, SO4, hardness, Hg, As, Cu Climate change, Mining, Municipal waste Cooperative monitoring programs between government, municipalities and industry are lacking in the NWT.
6 Zhu, L; Anello, R; Ruhland, KM; Pisaric, MFJ; Kokelj, SV; Prince, T; & Smol, JP Impacts of Road Dust on Small Subarctic Lake Systems 2019 Peel Plateau, NWT Major ions, conductance, diatoms Road building, Road dust Lakes within 1 km of the Dempster highway had higher conductance and major ion concentration than similar undisturbed lakes.
7 Bond, MJ; & Carr, J Permafrost thaw and implications for the fate and transport of tritium in the Canadian north 2018 NWT, Manitoba, Labrador Tritium Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increase in concentration of tritium in areas of discontinuous permafrost due to thaw.
8 Burd, K; Tank, SE; Dion, N; Quinton, WL; Spence, C; Tanentzap, A J; & Olefeldt, D Seasonal shifts in export of DOC and nutrients from burned and unburned peatland-rich catchments, Northwest Territories, Canada 2018 Taiga Plains, Mackenzie River Basin, NWT DOC Climate change, Permafrost thaw DOC in subarctic regions is more susceptible to permafrost thaw and changing runoff patterns than forest fires.
9 Griffiths, K; Thienpont, J; Jeziorski, A; & Smol, JP The impact of calcium-rich diamond mining effluent on downstream cladoceran communities in softwater lakes of the Northwest Territories, Canada 2018 Upper Coppermine River Basin, NWT pH, Ca Diamond mining Increased pH and Ca concentration.
10 Kendrick, MR; Huryn, AD; Bowden, WB; Deegan, LA; Findlay, RH; Hershey, AE; . . . Schuett, E. B Linking permafrost thaw to shifting biogeochemistry and food web resources in an arctic river. 2018 Kuparuk River, Alaska DOC, N, P Climate Change, Permafrost thaw Decreases in DOC due to consumption by microbial activity in newly exposed mineral soils. Increased alkalinity from soil water solutes. Increase in nitrogen export.
11 Moiseenko, TI; Dinu, MI; Gashkina, NA; Jones, V; Khoroshavin, VY; & Kremleva, TA Present status of water chemistry and acidification under nonpoint sources of pollution across European Russia and West Siberia. 2018 European Russia, Western Siberia pH Climate change, Metallurgy, Oil/gas Lake acidification is a result of pollution, vegetation and bedrock buffering capacity.
12 St-Gelais, NF; Jokela, A; & Beisner, BE Limited functional responses of plankton food webs in northern lakes following diamond mining 2018 Koala Watershed, NWT Phytoplankton, N Diamond mining Increased nitrogen due to mine blasting explosives, causes change in phytoplankton community downstream from mine site.
13 Morison, MQ; Macrae, ML; Petrone, RM; & Fishback, L Capturing temporal and spatial variability in the chemistry of shallow permafrost ponds. 2017 Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ont Nitrogen speciation, DOC, Cl, SO4, K, Ca, Na Climate change, Permafrost thaw DON, Cl−, Na+, K+ and Mg2+ are hydraulically controlled. Cl−, SO4, Na+, K+, and Ca2+ are temporally coherent.
14 Morison, MQ; Macrae, ML; Petrone, RM; & Fishback, L Seasonal dynamics in shallow freshwater pond-peatland hydrochemical interactions in a subarctic permafrost environment 2017 Churchill, MB N, P, NH4 Climate change, Permafrost thaw Lowering frost table requires more ppt for fill and spill. Pond nitrogen and phosphorus increase until midsummer, while ammonium decrease through to midsummer.
15 Raudina, TV; Loiko, SV; Lim, AG; Krickov, IV; Shirokova, LS; Istigechev, GI; . . . Pokrovsky, OS Dissolved organic carbon and major and trace elements in peat porewater of sporadic, discontinuous, and continuous permafrost zones of western Siberia. 2017 Western Siberia, Russia DOC, TEs Climate change, Permafrost thaw Possible decrease in DOC export due to decreasing time of reaction in peat pores. DOC enrichment is higher in peat mounds vs. hollows. Increasing [TE] northwards.
16 Gordon, J; Quinton, W; Branfireun, BA; & Olefeldt, D Mercury and methylmercury biogeochemistry in a thawing permafrost wetland complex, Northwest Territories, Canada 2016 Mackenzie River Delta, NWT Hg Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increased MeHg draining from poor fens into downstream ecosystems.
17 Houben, AJ; French, TD; Kokelj, SV; Wang, XW; Smol, JP; & Blais, JM The impacts of permafrost thaw slump events on limnological variables in upland tundra lakes, Mackenzie Delta region 2016 Mackenzie River Delta, NWT pH, major ions, DOC, trace metals, nutrients Climate change, Thaw slumps Lower DOC, lower N in the water column, higher [U], [St], [Li], and higher pH.
18 Abbott, BW; Jones, JB; Godsey, SE; Larouche, JR; & Bowden, WB Patterns and persistence of hydrologic carbon and nutrient export from collapsing upland permafrost 2015 Northern Alaska DOC, inorganic nitrogen Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increased DOC and N.
19 Balasubramaniam, AM; Hall, RI; Wolfe, BB; Sweetman, JN; & Wang, XW Source water inputs and catchment characteristics regulate limnological conditions of shallow subarctic lakes (Old Crow Flats, Yukon, Canada) 2015 Old Crow Flats, Yukon DOC, nitrogen and phosphorous, Mg, Na, S & pH Climate change, Changing ppt patterns Snowmelt headwaters in foliage rich catchments have higher DOC,N,P. Rainfall dominated foliage sparse catchments are richer in major ions Mg, Na, S and pH.
20 Larouche, JR; Abbott, BW; Bowden, WB; & Jones, JB. The role of watershed characteristics, permafrost thaw, and wildfire on dissolved organic carbon biodegradability and water chemistry in Arctic headwater streams 2015 North Slope, Alaska DOC Climate change, Permafrost thaw No identifiable effect of permafrost thaw or forest fires on DOC export. Thermokarst type and hydrological connectivity are controlling factors.
21 Spence, C; Kokelj, SV; Kokelj, SA; McCluskie, M; & Hedstrom, N Evidence of a change in water chemistry in Canada’s subarctic associated with enhanced winter streamflow 2015 Baker Creek, NWT DOC, TDS, NH3, NO3 Climate change Wet winters increase DOC and NH3, and decrease NO3 and TDS.
22 Blaen, PJ; Milner, AM; Hannah, DM; Brittain, JE; & Brown, LE Impact of changing hydrology on high arctic rivers 2014 Svalbard, Norway NH Climate change NH uptake increased by DOC availability
23 French, TD; Houben, AJ; Desforges, JPW; Kimpe, LE; Kokelj, SV; Poulain, AJ; . . .Blais, JM Dissolved Organic Carbon Thresholds Affect Mercury Bioaccumulation in Arctic Lakes 2014 Mackenzie River Delta, NWT Hg & DOC Climate change Low DOC causes higher Hg bioaccumulation.
24 Bailey, BL; Smith, LJD; Blowes, DW; Ptacek, CJ; Smith, L; & Sego, DC The Diavik Waste Rock Project: Persistence of contaminants from blasting agents in waste rock effluent 2013 Diavik Diamond Mine, NWT N, SO4 Diamond mining N and SO4 polluted effluent.
25 Brazeau, ML; Blais, JM; Paterson, AM; Keller, W & Poulain, A. J. Evidence for microbially mediated production of elemental mercury (Hg0) in subarctic lake sediments 2013 Hudson Bay Lowlands, Ont Hg Climate change Increased water temperature and Increased Na, labile C and mobility of Hg in subarctic lake sediments.
26 Kokelj, SV; Zajdlik, B; & Thompson, MS The impacts of thawing permafrost on the chemistry of lakes across the subarctic boreal‐tundra transition, Mackenzie Delta region, Canada 2009 Mackenzie River Delta, NWT DOC, N, Mg, Ca, SO4 Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increased DOC and ion concentration. Greater impact than geology and vegetation.
27 McEachern, P; Prepas, EE; & Planas, D Phytoplankton in boreal SubArctic lakes following enhanced phosphorus loading from forest fire: Impacts on species richness, nitrogen and light limitation 2009 Caribou Mts, Alberta N, P, DOC Forest fires Increased light and N limitation with forest fires. Increase P folowing forest fires.
28 Moiseenko, TI; & Gashkina, NA Zonal Features of Lake Acidification. 2009 European Russia pH Climate change, Metallurgy, Oil/gas Pollution increases lake acidity easier in granitic bedrock lakes and increases metal content in the water column.
29 Greenwald, MJ; Bowden, WB; Gooseff, MN; Zarnetske, JP; McNamara, JP; Bradford, JH; & Brosten, TR. Hyporheic exchange and water chemistry of two arctic tundra streams of contrasting geomorphology 2008 North Slope of Brook Range, Alaska N, P, NH4 Climate change Increased hyporeic zone due to climate warming.
30 Crump, BC; Adams, HE; Hobbie, JE; & Kling, GW Biogeography of bacterioplankton in lakes and streams of an arctic tundra catchment 2007 Alaska Bacteria Land disturbance Similar bacterioplankton in tundra streams, and different in lakes.
31 Darmody, RG; Thorn, CE; & Dixon, JC. Pyrite-enhanced chemical weathering in Karkevagge, Swedish Lapland 2007 Kärkevagge Catchment, Sweden pH Climate change Chemical weathering of bedrock occurs in subarctic when pH <5.
32 Lacelle, D; Doucet, A; Clark, ID; & Lauriol, B Acid drainage generation and seasonal recycling in disturbed permafrost near Eagle Plains, northern Yukon Territory, Canada 2007 Eagle Plains, Yukon pH Road building Acid drainage.
33 Prowse, TD; Wrona, FJ; Reist, JD; Gibson, JJ; Hobbie, JE; Levesque, LMJ; & Vincent, WF Climate change effects on hydroecology of Arctic freshwater ecosystems 2006 Alaska, Russia, Mackenzie River Basin DIC, DOC Climate change, Permafrost thaw Increased DIC, DOC and nutrients.
34 Kokelj, SV; Jenkins, RE; Milburn, D; Burn, CR; & Snow, N The influence of thermokarst disturbance on the water quality of small upland lakes, Mackenzie Delta region, Northwest Territories, Canada 2005 Mackenzie River Delta, NWT DOC, N, Mg, Ca, SO4 Climate change, Permafrost thaw Decrease in DOC in slump affected areas.
35 Millot, R; Gaillardet, J; Dupre, B; & Allegre, CJ Northern latitude chemical weathering rates: Clues from the Mackenzie River Basin, Canada. 2003 Mackenzie River, NWT Sr isotopes, Na, K, Mg, Ca Climate change Chemical weathering increased by abundant OM.
36 Yunker, MB; Backus, SM; Graf Pannatier, E; Jeffries, DS; & Macdonald, RW Sources and significance of alkane and PAH hydrocarbons in Canadian arctic rivers. 2002 Mackenzie River, NWT PAH and hydrocarbons Climate change Erosion of Devonian coals increases PAH and hydrocarbon content.
37 Michelutti, N; Laing, TE; & Smol, JP Diatom assessment of past environmental changes in lakes located near the Noril’sk (Siberia) smelters 2001 Noril’sk, Russia Diatoms, pH Mining/Metallurgy Diatom assemblage shift due to acidification from nearby smelting operations.
38 Duff, KE; Laing, TE; Smol, JP; & Lean, DRS Limnological characteristics of lakes located across arctic treeline in northern Russia 1999 Siberia and Western Russia pH, DOC, nutrients, major ions, metals, temperature Climate change, Mining Increased metal content, and lake acidification.
39 Korhola, A; Weckstrom, J; & Nyman, M Predicting the long-term acidification trends in small subarctic lakes using diatoms 1999 Kola Penninsula, Russia Ca, Si, pH Mininig/ Metallurgy, Air pollution Decrease in pH over time.
40 Rigina, O GIS analysis of surface water chemistry susceptibility and response to industrial air pollution in the Kola Peninsula, northern Russia 1998 Kola Penninsula, Russia pH, major cations, sulfates Mining/ Metallurgy, air pollution Lake acidification.
41 McCarthy, LH; Williams, TG; Stephens, GR; Peddle, J; Robertson, K;& Gregor, DJ Baseline studies in the Slave River, NWT, 1990-1994 .1. Evaluation of the chemical quality of water and suspended sediment from the Slave River (NWT) 1997 Slave River, NWT PAH, PCB, PCDD/ PCDF’s, CP, EOCls, heavy metals Industrial and agricultural activity (oil sands, mining) Increased hydrocarbons and heavy metals.
42 Puznicki, WS Regional patterns of selected water parameters in the Slave Geological Province, Northwest Territories. 1997 Slave Geological Province, NWT N/A N/A N/A

Index